In this series of essays I will cover major aspects of
Islamic doctrine as they affect the West, and in a rough order of
importance. While these doctrines are
part of core Islamic beliefs, not every Muslim adheres to them. But pious ones do, and it is they who have
maintained the spirit of Islam for fourteen centuries and will carry it on into
the far distant future. The less pious
are aware of their position in the pecking order of true belief and will
respect those who are more pious. This has
far-reaching consequences which I will come to later.
First a couple of definitions.
- Islam means submission to the will of Allah. It doesn’t mean ‘peace’ even though they share the same root. Peace is obtained when everyone on earth submits to the will of Allah. In practical terms the nearest anyone gets to this is in the cemetery.
- A Muslim is one who submits to the will of Allah.
On this occasion I discuss the doctrine of the greatest
importance to Islam itself, tawhid
and its related concept of fitra.
Loosely translated, tawhid means ‘monotheism’ but this
initially related to Islam’s contrast with religions prevalent at the time of
Muhammad, which were for the most part polytheistic – still a target of
Muslims’ invective in relation to Hinduism.
Conceptually it means the ‘oneness’ of Islam’s
absolute and uncompromisingly indivisible monotheism, a single divine authority
over man. This God actively creates,
maintains and destroys, existing as a ‘master-truth’ rather than a belief. It is truth, immanent, universal and
inescapable, that transcends the world.
Because tawhid is universal,
everyone, without exception, is born into it in a state of what is known as
‘fitra’, the innate inclination towards the pure state of tawhid. As the former
Cat Stevens, quoting Muhammad, says, “Every child is born with an original,
pure nature. It is only his parents who make him a Christian or a Jew.” So when people convert to Islam, they are
considered to be ‘reverting’ to their original state of fitra. The way to Islam is
thus depicted as natural, almost obvious, rather than rebellious or exotic.
Apostasy is accordingly regarded
as a fundamental attack on reality which must be suppressed at any cost. That, in itself, is one of Islam’s strengths. As influential cleric Yusuf Qaradawi says, "If the penalty for
apostasy was ignored, there would not be an Islam today; Islam would have ended
on the death of the prophet."
Above all, tawhid is what Muslims
not so much believe in, as know. It is what motivates their desire to
proselytise and dominate. Compared with
Western culture’s ability to maintain several world views in balance and
resolve them by democratic means, Islam’s appears monomaniacal and
tyrannical.
My next essay will cover Islam’s ‘essentialism’
and why, 1400 years later, it hasn’t moved an inch.